Articles

Technical articles on control systems engineering, functional safety, and process automation.

Simple Control, Good Performance

How the simplest possible feedback controller — unity static gain — can suppress resonant oscillations in flexible structures, and why Bode's sensitivity integral means you can't cheat the trade-offs.

Control TheoryFeedbackBode Sensitivity IntegralRobustnessSkogestad

Vector Representation

How vectors — simple ordered lists of numbers — serve as a universal language across control theory, neural networks, language models, and neuroscience.

Linear AlgebraControl TheoryMachine LearningNeuroscienceVectors

Embracing Failure: The Hidden Key to Learning and Growth

Why failure should not be feared — drawing on the Incident Learning Process, Kathryn Schulz's 'Being Wrong,' and Matthew Syed's 'Black Box Thinking' to reframe mistakes as essential opportunities for growth.

LearningGrowth MindsetBook ReviewProfessional Development

The Recursive Cycle for Ultra Reliability

A review of 'Rational Accidents: Reckoning with Catastrophic Technologies' by John Downer — why ultra-high reliability can't be engineered before deployment, and must be learned through recursive operational experience.

ReliabilitySafetyBook ReviewSystems Engineering

ISA99 Cybersecurity

Understanding ISA99/IEC 62443 cybersecurity standards for industrial control systems.

CybersecurityISA99IEC 62443ICS Security

Pollutant Emission Rate Calculation

Methods and calculations for pollutant emission rate determination in industrial processes.

EmissionsEnvironmentalCalculation

Random Thoughts on Mysterious Brain

How we can understand behavior and brain activities.

BrainBehavior

Fuel Safety Guide

A practical guide to fuel safety in combustion systems — covering BMS design, interlocks, and safety considerations.

Fuel SafetyBMSCombustion Control

Probability Puzzle: Monty Hall Problem

The Monty Hall problem explained — why switching doors gives you better odds, and why intuition fails us.

ProbabilityStatisticsMonty HallMathematics

Human-in-Loop Automation

Exploring the role of human operators in automated control systems and the design principles for effective human-in-the-loop automation.

AutomationHuman-Machine InterfaceControl Systems

Independent Fuel Air Ratio Protection in Burner Management System

How to monitor fuel air ratio control and meet the latest Canadian fuel safety code — covering flue gas oxygen monitoring, fuel air ratio calculation, and field data validation.

Fuel SafetyBMSCombustion ControlFARC